SUPREME COURTSupreme Court Upholds Allahabad HC Decision That Chargers Sold With Cell Phones Cannot Be Taxed Separately Under UP VAT Act 2008Case title: COMMISSIONER, COMMERCIAL TAXCase no.: U. P. LUCKNOW vs. M/S SAMSUNG (INDIA) ELECTRONICS PVT. LTD.| Diary No. - 20066/2021The Supreme Court recently upheld the decision of the Allahabad High Court which observed that the charger sold with a...
SUPREME COURT
Case title: COMMISSIONER, COMMERCIAL TAX
Case no.: U. P. LUCKNOW vs. M/S SAMSUNG (INDIA) ELECTRONICS PVT. LTD.| Diary No. - 20066/2021
The Supreme Court recently upheld the decision of the Allahabad High Court which observed that the charger sold with a cell phone under the MRP cannot be taxed separately under the UP VAT Act 2008.
The bench of Justice BV Nagarathna and Justice SC Sharma was hearing a challenge to the order of the Allahabad High Court which held that a mobile charger contained in a composite package with the cell phone cannot be taxed separately under Entry 28 Part B Schedule II U.P. VAT Act 2008.
HIGH COURTS
Allahabad HC
Case Title:- M/S Gurunanak Arecanut Traders v. Commercial Tax And Another
Case no.: WRIT TAX No. - 1177 of 2022
The Allahabad High Court has held that the intention to evade tax is established by the fact that the goods in transit were not accompanied by e-way bill and the goods taxable at 18% were taxed only at 5%.
The Court held that after 2018, it was mandatory for the assesee to download e-way bill with goods in transit. “It is mandatory on the part of the seller to download the e-way bill once the goods are put in transit. Subsequent downloading of e-way bill would not absolve the liability under the Act.”
Bombay HC
Case Title: M/s. Himesh Foods Pvt Ltd. v. Union of India & Ors.
Case Number: WRIT PETITION NO.718 OF 2025
The Bombay High Court is to decide whether the donuts and cakes should be classified as restaurant service or a bakery product under Goods and Services Tax. The Division Bench of Justices B.P Colabawalla and Firdosh P. Pooniwalla were addressing the issue of whether the supply of donuts falls within the ambit of restaurant services under Service Accounting Code (SAC) 9963 or should be categorized as a bakery product subject to separate tax treatment under the Goods and Services Tax (GST) framework.
If the donuts and other bakery items classified under restaurant services they would be taxed at 5% and if they classified under bakery product, they would be subjected to tax upto 18%.
Delhi HC
Case title: Suparshva Swabs (I) v. National Faceless Appeal Centre & Ors.
Case no.: W.P.(C) 356/2025
The Delhi High Court has expressed grave concern over the pendency of over 5.4 Lakh appeals before the National Faceless Appeal Centre (NFAC). The body was created for faceless assessment under Section 143 or 144 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, by the insertion of Section 144B via the Taxation and Other Laws (Relaxation and Amendment of Certain Provisions) Act, 2020.
A division bench of Chief Justice Devendra Kumar Upadhyaya and Justice Tushar Rao Gedela remarked, “This court is cognizant of the large number of statutory appeals pending for disposal before the NFAC and express concern over the delay in disposal of such appeals, for which the NFAC was envisaged.”
Case title: Pr. Commissioner Of Income Tax (Central)-2 v. Nagar Dairy Pvt. Ltd.
Case no.: ITA 320/2023 and batch
The Delhi High Court has held that Section 260A of the Income Tax Act, 1961, which pertains to appeals to High Courts, does not envisage the filing of cross-objections by the opposite party, unlike Order XLI Rule 22 CPC.
A division bench of Justices Yashwant Varma and Harish Vaidyanathan Shankar observed, “The Legislature appears to have consciously desisted from adopting principles akin to Order XLI Rule 22 of the Code or specifically introducing provisions enabling the respondent in an appeal under Section 260A to prefer cross-objections.”
Case title: Interglobe Aviation Ltd v. Principal Commissioner Of Customs Acc (Import) New Custom House New Delhi & Ors. and batch
Case no.: W.P.(C) 934/2023
In big relief to Indigo airlines, the Delhi High Court has held that an additional levy of Integrated Goods and Services Tax (IGST) and cess under Section 3(7) of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 on re-import of aircraft parts that were repaired abroad, is unconstitutional.
A division bench of Justice Yashwant Varma and Ravinder Dudeja observed that “additional duty even after the transaction has been subjected to the imposition of a tax treating it to be a supply of service would be clearly unconstitutional and cannot be sustained.”
Case title: Tata Teleservices Limited v. The Commissioner CGST Delhi East & Anr.
Case no.: W.P.(C) 1142/2025
The Delhi High Court has asked the Customs Excise & Service Tax Appellate Tribunal to decide whether levy of tax on the services purchased by a prepaid subscriber of Tata Teleservices, using the existing mobile balance on which tax was already paid, would amount to double taxation.
Considering that the matter would involve factual evaluation of the manner in which services are provided and charged by the company, a division bench of Justices Prathiba M. Singh and Rajneesh Kumar Gupta relegated it to the Tribunal.
Case title: M/S DD Interiors v. Commissioner Of Service Tax & Anr.
Case no.: W.P.(C) 877/2025
The Delhi High Court has held that merely because a pre-deposit prescribed under Section 35F of the Central Excise Act, 1944, for preferring an appeal is made in the wrong account, that too when the integrated portal might not have been fully functional, cannot result in rejection of appeal on the ground of defects.
A division bench of Justices Prathiba M. Singh and Rajneesh Kumar Gupta was dealing with a petitioner preferred by M/s DD Interiors, challenging the return of its appeal by CESTAT, stating that since the deposit was in a wrong account, credit cannot be given.
Case title: GE Grid (Switzerland) GMBH v. Assistant Commissioner Of Income Tax & Anr.
Case no.: W.P.(C) 1294/2022
The Delhi High Court has held that the existence of a foreign entity's Permanent Establishment (PE) in India is required to be determined in law for each year separately on the basis of the scope, extent, nature and duration of activities in each year.
A division bench of Justices Yashwant Varma and Ravinder Dudeja made the observation while dealing with a Swiss company's case, which was aggrieved by various reassessment notices issued for AYs 2013-18 for alleged escapement of income generated by its alleged PE, namely, GE T&D India Ltd.
Case title: Sentec India Company Private Limited v. Assistant Commissioner Of Customs, Delhi & Ors.
Case no.: W.P.(C) 868/2025
The Delhi High Court has held that an Extra Duty Deposit (EDD) does not constitute a payment in the nature of customs duty under the scope of Section 27 of the Customs Act, 1962 and thus, the period of limitation for seeking a refund of customs duty under the provision would not apply qua EDD. Section 27 deals with a person/entity's claim for a refund of Customs duty in certain circumstances.
A division bench of Justices Prathiba M. Singh and Dharmesh Sharma observed, “A perusal of Section 27 would show that the same deals with refund of customs duty. It is abundantly clear that EDD is not in the nature of customs duty. The deposit of the EDD was itself to secure any customs duty which may have been later on found to be payable, due to the allegation of underdeclaration. However, when the said allegation has been disproved and the Department has taken a view that there was no under-declaration, the substratum of the deposit of EDD itself no longer exists.”
Case title: Rahul Vattamparambil Remesh v. Union Of India & Ors
Case no.: W.P.(C) 2690/2025
The Delhi High Court recently expressed its displeasure at the frequent non-appearance of government counsel in customs related matters. A division bench comprising Justices Prathiba M. Singh and Rajneesh Kumar Gupta observed,
“It is noticed that in a large number of customs matters, the Counsels are either not appearing or appear without proper instructions. In cases of nonappearance, the Court is compelled to request Standing Counsels present in Court to accept notice. This reflects a clear lack of coordination between the Department and the learned panel of Standing Counsels. Such a practice is highly undesirable and leads to gross wastage of judicial time.”
Case title: M/S Kashish Optics Ltd. v. The Commissioner, CGST Delhi West & Ors.
Case no.: W.P.(C) 7741/2022
The Delhi High Court has held that an assessee must be issued notice within six months of seizure of its goods under Section 67 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act 2017, failing which the goods must be returned by the Department.
A division bench of Justices Yashwant Varma and Harish Vaidyanathan Shankar further held that the period of seizure cannot be extended under Section 67)7) for a further six-month period without giving notice to the accused.
Case title: Fasttrack Tieup Pvt. Ltd v. Union of India
Case no.: W.P.(C) 15237/2023
The Delhi High Court has held that the Income Tax Department cannot, suspecting escapement of tax on income by an assessee, indefinitely attach its properties without taking further steps to resolve the matter.
Single judge Justice Sachin Datta observed that Section 222 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 which empowers the Tax Recovery Officer to proceed with “attachment and sale of assessee's movable property” to recover the due taxes, explicitly states “attachment and sale,” signifying a sequential process where the property, once attached, must subsequently be sold to recover the arrears.
Case title: PCIT-1, New Delhi v. Beam Global Spirits & Wine (India) Pvt.Ltd.
Case no.: ITA 155/2022
The Delhi High Court has held that before the Income Tax Department commences transfer pricing benchmarking analysis of an assessee's international transactions, the very existence of such 'international transaction' must be determined.
A division bench of Justices Yashwant Varma and Harish Vaidyanathan Shankar, while dealing with the case of an Indian entity producing liquor for brands like Jim Beam, observed, “the commencement of a benchmarking analysis would have to necessarily be preceded by the Revenue identifying the existence of a transaction as defined and which undoubtedly constitutes a sine qua non. This clearly flows from the plain text of Section 92B(1), which proceeds to define an “international transaction” as being a “transaction” between two or more AEs.”
Gauhati HC
Case title: M/S High Tech Ecogreen Contractors LLP v. Joint Director, Directorate General Of Goods And Services Tax Inteligence (DGGI)
Case no.: WP(C)/4787/2024
The Gauhati High Court has upheld the constitutional validity of Rule 36(4) of the Central Goods and Services Tax/Assam Goods and Services Tax Rules, 2017. The provision stipulates documentary requirements and conditions for a registered person claiming input tax credit (ITC).
A division bench of Chief Justice Vijay Bishnoi and Justice N. Unni Krishnan Nair observed that the provision was enacted based on powers derived from Section 16 of the CGST Act and the general rule-making powers under Section 164, not from the unenforced Section 43A.
Gujarat HC
Case Title: M/s Total Infratech Pvt. Ltd. v. Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax
Case Number: R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 20804 of 2023
The Gujarat High Court stated that the assessee is entitled to the interest on refund under Direct Tax Vivad Se Vishwas Scheme.
“it is true that the assessee is not entitled to interest under Section 244A of the Income Tax Act, 1961, however, when the assessee has opted for direct tax for Vivad se Visvas Scheme 2020 and filed the application which was approved by the designated authority and refund order is also passed as per the said scheme on 12/05/2022 by the Jurisdictional Assessing Officer, the assessee was entitled to the interest on the amount of refund till the same was paid to the assessee” stated the bench consists of Justices Bhargav D. Karia and D.N. Ray.
TRIBUNALS
Service Tax Liability Can't Be Levied On Freight And Cartage Expenses Under GTA Services: CESTAT
Case Title: Commissioner of Service Tax - Delhi III V. M/s. Globe Civil Projects Pvt. Ltd.
Case Number: Service Tax Appeal No. 54328 of 2015
The New Delhi Bench of Customs, Excise, and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal (CESTAT) has stated that service tax liability cannot be levied on freight and cartage expenses under GTA (Good Transport Agency) services.
“The said amount/expenses/charges were not paid by the assessee directly to the transporter for transportation of any goods. Thus, the said activity cannot be covered under GTA Services, hence, no service tax liability can be levied on the aforesaid amount/expenses/charges under GTA services” stated the bench of Rachna Gupta (Judicial) and Hemambika R. Priya (Technical).
Legal & Consultancy Services Under RCM Is Liable To Service Tax: CESTAT
Case Title: Saisun Outsourcing Services Private Limited v. Commissioner of Central Goods, Service Tax, Jabalpur
Case Number: Service Tax Appeal No. 54991 Of 2023
The New Delhi Bench of Customs, Excise, and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal (CESTAT) has stated that legal & consultancy services under RCM is liable to service tax.
The Bench of Binu Tamta (Judicial Member) and Hemambika R. Priya (Technical Member) has stated that “in absence of any reply or any supporting documents, Legal fees expense incurred by the assessee are expenses towards Legal services. Accordingly, Service Tax on Legal Fee expense incurred by the assessee is upheld.”
Case Title: Shah Rukh Khan vs Deputy CIT
Case Number: ITA No.6312/MUM/2024
The Mumbai ITAT has quashed the reopening of assessment proceedings against the Assessee/ Appellant i.e., Shah Rukh Khan for AY 2012-13.
The tribunal held that the reasons recorded while initiating the re-assessment, were completely silent as regards the allegation that income chargeable to tax has escaped assessment due to failure on the part of the assessee to disclose fully and truly all material facts.
OTHER DEVELOPMENTS
Rajasthan GST Department Mandates Virtual Hearing In All Tax Matters, Issues Guidelines
The Rajasthan GST Department on 20.02.2025 issued guidelines on virtual hearing. The Guidelines have been issued in pursuance of the para 143 of the Budget Speech 2025-26 and in exercise of power conferred under Section 168 of the RGST Act, 2017.
The circular highlights that in Rajasthan, provisions have also been made for faceless scrutiny as well as carrying out of Business Audit and Enforcement pertaining to the taxpayers not just by the jurisdictional Proper Officers bit also by the officers posted in the Business Audit and Enforcement Wings. In such a scenario, it becomes increasingly difficult for the taxpayers or their authorized representative to appear in person for submission of documents or for personal hearing.
Recently, the new Income Tax Bill 2025 was introduced in Parliament. Although touted as a step to make Income tax law in India simpler, the Bill contains some provisions which may disturb taxpayers by infringing on their right to privacy. One such provision in the new Bill would allow the Income tax department to access the email, trading account, social media profiles and other personal data of assesses during tax investigation. However, it has been clarified that before the law is enacted, a committee will review it.
Such a provision causes great concern as it allows the infringement into "virtual digital space" of the assessee by extending the scope of the tax probe. So far, according to the old law, the tax officer has the right to demand access to laptops, hard drives and emails, but has no right to demand passwords of any social media account.