Law School Articles
2006 Mumbai Blasts: Why Bombay High Court Acquitted All 11 Accused?
On July 11, 2006, seven bomb blasts on Mumbai's suburban trains killed 187 people and injured over 824 marking it as one of the city's deadliest terror attacks. Nearly two decades later, the Bombay High Court overturned the 2015 MCOCA verdict that had sentenced five to death and seven to life, in a 671-page ruling. The Court exposed a total collapse of investigative and prosecutorial integrity. Of the 13 originally accused, Kamal Ansari died in prison in 2021. The remaining 11, some appearing...
Madras High Court's Split Verdict On Animal Slaughter At Sufi Shrine
The Madurai bench of the Madras High Court, on June 24, 2025, delivered a split verdict in a matter involving the legality of animal sacrifice at the historic Sikkandar Badhusha Dargah, which is located on the Thiruparankundram Hills. At the heart of the issue is a deeply entangled faith, law, and public order, thereby raising serious questions under Articles 25 and 26 of the Constitution, balancing the right to religious freedom against concerns of animal welfare and heritage preservation....
Privacy At Risk? Warrantless Access To 'Virtual Digital Space' Under Income Tax Bill 2025
Imagine tax authorities accessing your emails, WhatsApp chats, or cloud storage without a notice, summon, or even a warrant, simply because they have “reason to believe” that you might evade taxes. Would you still feel free?This concern has gained relevance in the light of the Income Tax Bill, 2025 ('Bill') which was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 13th February, 2025, and it seeks to replace the existing Income Tax Act, 1961 ('1961 Act'). The Bill, prima facie, retains most provisions of the...
Constitutional Analysis Of Maharashtra Special Public Security Bill, 2024
The recently enacted Maharashtra Special Public Security Bill, 2024, by the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly, aims to address the threats being posed by allegedly "Left Wing Extremist organisations or similar organisations." The aim of maintaining public security and defending against extremism is constitutionally legitimate. But the means adopted here in this act are seriously constitutionally and legally questionable. Legally, more so in the view of constitutional law as well as of civil...
Towards Rights-Based AI Framework In India: Bridging Global Models And Constitutional Duties
Artificial Intelligence systems, when trained on biased data, risk institutionalizing discrimination against caste, class, and gender minorities. In India, where welfare schemes are lifelines for millions, algorithmic exclusion can have severe real-world consequences. A stark international parallel is Australia's Robodebt scandal1, where an automated system wrongly accused over 400,000 welfare recipients of income fraud—resulting in fines, distress, and eventual judicial condemnation in...
The Language Tug-Of-War In Maharashtra: Balancing Pride With A Place For Everyone
Maharashtra, a state formed to unite Marathi speakers, is engaged in an ongoing debate about language that touches on identity and history. A recent government decision to teach Hindi in schools has reignited longstanding sentiments on the issue. The challenge lies in fiercely promoting Marathi, its official language, while ensuring that speakers of other languages feel respected and included. This delicate balancing act is unfolding in homes, schools, and politics across the state.The Latest...
Consumer Forum Paralysis: Coram Non Judice Renders Relief Illusory
Consumerism has evolved into the defining characteristic of modern existence, dictating every moment of our lives whether through the consumption of traditional commodities and services or through the relentless engagement with digital goods that now permeate every facet of our daily lives. Every such transaction pertaining to consumption has the potential to result in dispute between the consumer and service provider. In this backdrop, the role of consumer forums becomes highly integral in...
Voice Of Voiceless And Soul Of Rights – Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
“I do not want that our loyalty as Indians should be to any particular community. I want all people to be Indian first, Indian last, and nothing else”[i]A man who Struggled, fought and established the document which now and shall govern the world largest democracy with largest population. His thoughts are not just limited to demonstrate a document that laid down certain principles, rules, laws and procedures, but to strongly convey that Rights are not just the words or phrases to be contain in a...
Access To Justice For Rural People And Entrepreneurs: Challenges & Legal Reforms
The meaning of the phrase "access to justice" varies depending on the society in question and is therefore ambiguous. Regardless of how it is defined, there is always a connection to conflict resolution because the latter's sole goal is to uphold justice. Therefore, having access to the state's dispute settlement mechanism is synonymous with having access to justice. More people are realizing that expanding access to justice is a necessary component of inclusive growth and a strategy for...
Blockchain And Online Dispute Resolution: Reshaping Access To Justice
The emergence of Online Dispute Resolution ('ODR') has brought about a revolution in conflict resolution by utilising advanced digital platforms to enable negotiation, mediation, and arbitration. Unlike simple technological enhancement, ODR goes beyond traditional mechanisms by embracing video conferencing, electronic document exchange, and AI-enhanced dispute resolution to override the needs of physical adjudication. This piece urges the institutionalisation of an Indian...
Legal Reforms And Access To Justice: Addressing Infrastructural Challenges In The Judiciary
Former Chief Justice of India (CJI) NV Ramanna in September 2021 had expressed his concern regarding the dilapidated state of judicial infrastructure in India. Three complete years have passed and we are yet to witness any visible changes. It is not to say that the infrastructure has not been improved at all. The Department of Justice is currently administering various schemes for making the Judicial System well quipped and robust. However, the pace and scale of implementation remains...
Exploring Vicarious Liability Of Office Bearers In Criminal Matters
A company, no doubt, is a separate legal entity from its members distinguished by the corporate veil. Being an artificial person, however, it does not have a mind or a will of its own, and it cannot function on its own. The state of the mind of a company is derived from the state of the mind of the office bearers of the company, mainly directors. For attribution of the criminal liability, the two primary essentials of a criminal offense must be seen, i.e., mens rea and actus reus. A corporation...